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New research by Western Sydney University has found that autistic young Australians experience significantly poorer employment outcomes than their non-disabled peers. The gap is stark. For many, the transition out of school leads not into the workforce, but into extended periods of unemployment, social isolation and mental distress.

The study, by Caroline Mills, Nicole Sharp, Zoi Triandafilidis, and Danielle Tracey was co-produced with autistic young people, parents, educators and disability employment service providers.

It sheds new light on a period of life that experts describe as critically under-supported. Using a qualitative methodology, researchers conducted in-depth interviews with 39 participants. What emerged was a powerful picture of missed opportunities, systemic neglect and families stretched to breaking point.

The researchers found that although there’s a desire among many young autistic people to prove themselves, to contribute the system is not geared to accommodate their desires.

At the heart of the problem is the fragile transition from school to adult life. Though this period has long been flagged as a point of vulnerability, practical supports remain inconsistent. Autistic students often receive little or no transition planning. When it does occur, it is frequently delayed, fragmented, and disconnected from the young person’s interests or goals.

For families, the burden can be overwhelming. Parents and carers interviewed for the study described the intense strain of navigating disability employment services, education providers, and government funding programs — often with little coordination or guidance.

The study found although the NDIS was expected to address some of these challenges by offering personalised funding for supports. But the report suggests that in practice, the scheme has created a patchwork landscape where gaps persist — particularly during this critical transition period.